Sample Term Paper
Term Paper: In enhancing the performance of a computer in general and a processor in particular, Cache memory also plays a major role. Cache memory is a high speed memory of small size which is used to store data that is most frequently used by the processor. It does that by accessing the data from the memory location when it is needed for the first time and storing it. When the processor needs to read or write to memory, it first checks if a copy of the data it needs exists within the cache or not. If it exists, the access is made from the cache memory, which can be several time faster than the main memory access.
In early CPUs, the cache memory was placed between the main memory and the processor; however, with the passage of time it was moved on to the processor die itself. This cache was termed as Level 1 (L1) cache and is still widely used by processor manufacturers today. Further evolution led to Level 2 (L2) caching of data. This type of cache is less fast than L1 but is still faster than main memory. The placement of L2 cache is also on-chip and it serves the purpose of caching data that is not present in the L1 cache. Recent advances have also led to Level 3 (L3) caching of data. This cache is separate from the processor chip and is used to support both L1 and L2 cache. Many processors nowadays also use separate cache for data and instructions which not only allows them faster access to data but also further reduces the fetch operation timing. Several types of caches exist in terms of their reading and writing policies. These include write back and write through caches (McFarland, 2006)
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